Multiple Indices Based Agricultural Drought Assessment in the Rift Valley Region of Ethiopia

Climate extreme like drought significantly affect the quality of environment and threaten food availability in developing countries Ethiopia. In this study, satellite-based agricultural assessments were conducted 0main crop growing season (June to September) using Landsat 8 images five periods (2015 2019) Rift Valley Region To assess we used Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Land Surface Temperature (LST), Condition (VCI), (TCI), Health (VHI). The results indicate that main was experienced by wet which vary from extremely dry wet. value VHI, cumulative effects TCI VCI, revealed 2016 most drought-prone while 2019 wettest year. Results NDVI LST showed a negative correlation. more severe lowland areas than highland study area. Accordingly, high observed northern central parts It is obvious face precipitation deficit because temperature evapotranspiration. This suggests indices crucial provide early warning systems for farming communities suggest adaptation options minimize potential impacts droughts on people's livelihoods wellbeing. Moreover, further research should be incorporating other social biophysical factors enhance understanding its effect economy communities.